Developing network models of development
projects: An introduction > Network
Examples > Boundary
networks
A research funding project and the network of organisations it has
funded.
The network diagram
PETRRA
was a research funding project, funded by DFID, and managed by IRRI
Bangladesh. Research grants were given to individual organisations, and
partnerships of
organisations, through a competitive grant making mechanism. The aim of
the project was to contribute to the alleviation of poverty in
Bangladesh through research which enabled increases in the rice
productivity of "resource poor rice farmers". The network
diagram below shows the full set of contractual relationships between
the
project management unit (shown as PETRRA, the grey circle) and the
organisations participating in the 44
different research projects funded by PETRRA.
Participating organisations are color coded by type: Green = government
bodies, Red = NGOs, Yellow = Universities, Blue = international
research institutions, Brown = private sector organisations. Some of
the relationships shown in the network diagram pre-existed the project,
most notably the relationship between PETRRA (i.e. IRRI Bangladesh) and
BRRI (Bangladesh Rice Research Institute). Many other relationships
were new, most notably the linkages between BRRI (a government body)
and the various NGOs. Also new was the relationship between some of the
universities and the NGOs. While the original project design had no
explicit objectives relating to the establishment and/or expansion of
different kinds of institutional relationships, in practice as the
project developed it became clear that the continuation of the
Government-NGO and Universities-NGO relationships was important, and
should be encouraged.
A simplified matrix
version
This complex network can be shown in a simplied form by focusing on the
types
of organisations involved and the connections between them. As
mentioned above, there are five type: government bodies, universities,
NGOs, private sector organisations and international organisations. The
matrix below shows the numbers of connections between each of these types.
They have been sorted by row and column to highlight where the linkages
are most and least common. This helps highlight where there are no linkages,
as well as where there are the most. There were no linkages between
universities, and no linkages between private sector and universities.
Links between universities and international organisations were also
uncommon.
This matrix can also be treated as a meta-matrix, and used as the basis
for
planning of more detailed investigation of specific kinds of linkages.
The NGOs x Government bodies cell could be expanded into a matrix of
its own, to show in detail the structure of the many relationships in
this cell. There are likely to be a number of types, such as dyadic
relationships between government and NGO, relationships where there are
multiple government bodies and one NGO, and vice versa. These could
provide different competing models of possible government-NGO research
relationships, or they may reflect models which are each most suitable
to a specific set of circumstances.