A news service focusing on developments in monitoring and evaluation methods
relevant to development projects and programmes with social development objectives.
MandE NEWS .
Edited by Rick Davies, Cambridge, UK. | Email Editor | Last Edited: 23 March 2007 | Home Page

Special topic: Transparency: a means of enabling public M&E

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1. Editorial: Why transparency?

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Jan 2005
  • [from Rick on the Road blog, Wednesday, August 04, 2004 ]
    Open Government and Open Aid

  • Transparency (plus a lot of other things) starts at home. You find the MandE NEWS Funding Proposal (including budget), and MandE NEWS Annual Progress Reports (including expenditure details) listed and available in full on this page (31/01/05)

2. Examples of good practice

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March 2007
  • ActionAid's Open Information Policy:  "Our Open Information Policy describes exactly how and what minimum information ActionAid International will share proactively with the general public, and informs exactly what information you can demand AAI make public." " ActionAid International believes that timely, free-flowing information in accessible language, form and format is essential for ensuring accountability to our stakeholders, learning, trust and good performance. To this end we have decided to publicly publish a number of internal strategies, plans, reports and staff information, among others. Our decision to do this is guided by our commitment to transparency, and to sharing information with poor and marginalised people and their organisations. We are also directly accountable to our staff, partners, donors and host governments."  (Posted 23/03/07)

January 2007
  • The 2006 Global Accountability Report measures and compares the accountability of transnational organisations in the intergovernmental (IGOs), non-governmental (INGOs) and corporate sectors (TNCs) on the basis of four dimensions of accountability: transparency, participation, evaluation, and complaint and response. You may access this report through the One World Trust website at: http://www.oneworldtrust.org/?display=index_2006.  (posted 10/01/07)

March 2006
January 2006
  • The International Development (Reporting and Transparency) Bill was tabled by the Rt Hon Tom Clarke MP, shadow secretary of state for international development from 1994-1995. It aims to increase transparency in international development reporting so that the level, poverty-focus, and coherence of the Government’s international development policy and expenditure – and their contribution towards reaching the Millennium Development Goals - may be readily tracked. If the Bill becomes law it will require the Secretary of State to prepare an annual report to parliament using information that is comparable over time, including between Government administrations. It will also place on the statute books for the first time a specific reference to the UN target (signed up to in 1970) for expenditure on official development assistance (ODA) to constitute 0.7% of gross national income (GNI). It will also, for the first time, prescribe in law how DFID should report on its development policies and use of resources. Although few Private Member’s Bills make it to the Statute Book, this one enjoys Government support, and passed its crucial Second Reading in the House of Commons unopposed. The Bill also has strong civil society backing, as demonstrated by the external linkopen letter to MPs published in The Guardian on 19 January.  (2006)

3. Recent documents

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July 2005
  • [From ELDIS] NINE AFRICAN BUDGET TRANSPARENCY AND PARTICIPATION CASE STUDIES Author(s): IDASA; African Budget Project Produced by: Institute for Democracy in South Africa (IDASA) (2005) The findings from this study explore budget transparency from the ordinary citizen's perspective. It sheds some light on information required to engage meaningfully with budgetary and other decisions involving public resources from the ordinary citizen's perspective. In this regard, the study evaluates mechanisms promoting good governance accross nine African countries (Botswana, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, Namibia, Nigeria, South Africa, Uganda, and Zambia) and identifies the main weaknesses of the budget process. As such, the key elements covered by this study are: * legal frameworks for transparency * clarity of roles and responsibilities * public availability of information * capacity and systems in the budget process * management of extra-budgetary activities * participation in the budget process * the role of donor funding. (Posted 22/07/05)

June 2005
  • eGovernment for Development Using ICTs for Government Transparency Part of the eGovernment for Development Home Page. Topic headings: Topic Overview 1a. What is this page all about? Answer 1b. Where can I find a quick summary of this topic? Answer 1c. What are transparency, e-transparency, and accountability? Answer 1d. How can I add my resources and ideas to this topic? Answer Why eTransparency? 2a. Why proceed with my e-transparency project: what are the potential benefits and costs? Answer 2b. Why use ICTs in my transparency project? Answer 2c. What/who really drives my e-transparency project forward? Answer Understanding eTransparency Projects 3a. What type of e-transparency project am I dealing with? Answer 3b. What causes success and failure of e-transparency projects in developing/transitional economies? Factor Answer or Design-Reality Gap Answer 3c. Where can I find some case examples of e-transparency projects in developing/transitional economies? Answer Practical Techniques for Successful eTransparency 4a. Who is involved in my e-transparency project (stakeholder mapping)? Answer 4b. How can I predict and/or identify and/or understand e-transparency project failure? Answer 4c. How can I make my e-transparency project more likely to succeed/less likely to fail? Factor Answer or Design-Reality Gap Answer 4d. In my e-transparency project, what factors should I bear in mind for poor communities? Answer Other Materials 5. Where can I find other online materials about this topic? Answer Training Guide 6. I want to run a training session on e-transparency. Training Guide (Posted 16/06/2005)

May 2005
  • Public Sector Transparency: What Works? "The lack of transparency in official governmental transactions is one of the biggest barriers to development today. Shining a publicly scrutinizing light on otherwise veiled economic, political and social goals of nations is the core goal of transparency, lessening the possibility of corruption and advancing democratic practices. Increasingly, the argument for transparency also now extends to its role in global poverty reduction and economic growth. This Special Report on Public Sector Transparency illustrates current international trends in advancing transparency through civil society, government and the media. Through extensive interviews with leaders across a range of sectors as well as survey feedback from Development Gateway users, this Report explores the practical issues of ensuring openness in governments around the world." (posted 28/12/06) See also on the same webpage: 
    • Transparency: The next generation of government reform. Daniel Kaufmann, Director of Global Programs at the World Bank Institute, looks at the links between development indicators and a country’s level of public sector transparency. 
    • NGOs promote transparency through rewarding excellence Rhoda Kadalie, executive director of South Africa's Impumelelo Innovations Award Trust, works to fight corruption by rewarding transparent governance. 
    • How media pluralism advances government transparency Wijayananda Jayaweera, director of UNESCO’s International Programme for the Development Communication, discusses how the media serves public sector transparency.
    • How best is public sector transparency achieved?
    • What tools help sustain public sector transparency?
    • What practices promote public-private partnerships?

Jan 2005
  • Budget transparency: A Kenyan Perspective. A Mwenda and N M Gachocho (2003) 94 pages (825KB) If fiscal policy is to be effective, national budgets, and the processes by which they are developed and implemented, must be transparent and participatory. This report from Kenya’s Institute of Economic Affairs shows how a lack of openness and accountability in that country’s budget process has led to poor utilisation and management of public finances. Goals such as poverty reduction can only be achieved by improving budget transparency. (Posted 26/01/05)

  • Secrecy and Transparency in Lesotho’s General Elections. The twin concepts of transparency and secrecy are central to any discourse on the freeness and fairness of elections. How and why do these concepts have an alienating effect in practice? How can elections in Lesotho be better managed to serve the interests of voters? This paper from the Institute for Security Studies highlights the dangers of depoliticising elections and relegating them to the legal sphere.(Posted 26/01/05)

  • Tools to Support Transparency in Local Governance

4. Coming Events

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July 2006
  • Transparency for Better Governance: Third Regional International Conference of Administrative Sciences
    16 July - 20 July 2006, Monterrey (organised by the International Institute of Administrative Sciences) Objective: To explore and discuss whether, despite the diversity of projects and plans carried out to achieve good governance, there are principles, procedures and institutional requirements of transparency that could gain global acknowledgement and support. See: http://www.grc-exchange.org/training/Record.cfm?Id=581&source=bulletin

5. Organisations addressing transparency

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  • http://www.witness.org/
July 2006
  • The Open Society Institute (OSI), a private operating and grantmaking foundation, aims to shape public policy to promote democratic governance, human rights, and economic, legal, and social reform. On a local level, OSI implements a range of initiatives to support the rule of law, education, public health, and independent media. At the same time, OSI works to build alliances across borders and continents on issues such as combating corruption and rights abuses.... More .Here is a listing of pages returned when "transparency" was entred in to the search field (posted 19/07/06)

Jan 2005
  • AID/WATCH "AID/WATCH is a not for profit activist organisation monitoring and campaigning on Australian overseas aid and trade policies and programs. Our purpose: To support people and communities in low-income countries to determine the future of their development. To ensure aid money reaches the right people, communities and their environment. To increase accountability and transparency of aid, development banks and Export Finance and Insurance Corporation projects. To monitor aid and EFIC projects and ensure they have stringent environmental, ethical, social and cultural guidelines." (posted 01/02/05)

  • AID TRANSPARENCY (AT) "is a regional non-governmental organization based in Dakar, Senegal. It is created in response to the overwhelming need for improved governance and development delivery services as well as innovative ways for tackling development issues, strategies and operations in Africa" (posted 01/02/05)

  • The Center for Public Integrity produces the Global Integrity Report An investigative report tracking corruption, openness and accountability in 25 country studies. The Public Integrity Index is the centerpiece of that report, providing a quantitative scorecard of governance practices in each country. The Index assesses the institutions and practices that citizens can use to hold their governments accountable to the public interest. Thus, a government with weak institutions and practices may not necessarily be corrupt—but it is far more difficult and rare to maintain a clean government than if such mechanisms are strong. The Public Integrity Index does not measure corruption itself, but rather the opposite of corruption: the extent of citizens' ability to ensure their government is open and accountable. Essentially, the Public Integrity Index measures three things: 1. The existence of mechanisms, including laws and institutions, that promote public accountability and limit corruption 2. The effectiveness of these mechanisms 3. The access that citizens have to public information to hold their government accountable. The Index scoring is based on the national governance framework. In many cases, particularly in federal states, the experience at the local level diverges from national experiences, and these local situations are not reflected in the Public Integrity Index." (31/01/05)

  • Transparency International: "Transparency International is the leading global non-governmental organisation devoted to combating corruption. Its mission is to create change towards a world free of corruption. " (Posted 26/01/05)

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